Umngot River: A Scenic Wonder of Meghalaya

Introduction

The Umngot River, often hailed as one of the cleanest rivers in India, is a breathtaking natural wonder located in the state of Meghalaya, nestled in the northeastern part of India. While often associated with Shillong, the state capital, the Umngot River is actually located near Dawki, a town in the West Jaintia Hills district, approximately 82 kilometers (51 miles) from Shillong. Dawki sits on the Indo-Bangladesh border, adding a unique geopolitical dimension to the area’s appeal. The elevation varies across the river’s course, but the region generally enjoys a pleasant climate, making it accessible throughout the year.

The Umngot River is exceptionally clear, often described as having water so transparent that boats appear to float in mid-air. This extraordinary clarity, combined with the stunning natural scenery surrounding it, sets the Umngot apart, making it a popular destination for tourists seeking unique and awe-inspiring experiences. Its proximity to the border and the local culture further enrich the experience.

History and Cultural Heritage

The area surrounding the Umngot River has a rich cultural tapestry, primarily woven by the indigenous Khasi and Jaintia tribes. Historically, the region was part of the Jaintia Kingdom, which had its own distinct form of governance and societal structure. The British, during their colonial rule, exerted influence over the area, leading to administrative changes and the integration of the local population into the larger political landscape of India.

The cultural heart of the region is the vibrant traditions of the Khasi and Jaintia people. Festivals, deeply rooted in their heritage, are celebrated throughout the year. One notable festival is the Behdienkhlam, celebrated by the Pnar people (a sub-tribe of the Jaintias). It is a vibrant, multi-day festival that involves rituals, music, dance, and competitive sports, centered around the driving away of evil spirits and the invocation of divine blessings for a bountiful harvest. Another important festival is Shad Suk Mynsiem of the Khasis.

The local communities maintain their unique traditions, including matrilineal societies where inheritance and lineage are traced through the mother’s line. This cultural aspect is distinct and offers a fascinating contrast to other parts of India.

While there aren’t significant historical landmarks located directly on the river, the surrounding villages and towns often possess structures and sites that reflect the historical and cultural evolution of the area. These can include traditional village architecture, community halls, and local temples that reflect the local customs.

Natural Beauty

The landscape surrounding the Umngot River is characterized by lush, verdant hills, dense forests, and dramatic cliffs. The river itself flows through a picturesque valley, with the water’s transparency revealing the riverbed, including stones and aquatic life, making it visually stunning. The surrounding terrain is ideal for exploration, including hiking, bird-watching, and simply absorbing the natural beauty.

The best way to experience the views of the region is to take a boat ride on the Umngot River. The clarity of the water offers a surreal experience, allowing visitors to witness the underwater world as if the boat is floating on glass. Several viewpoints along the riverbanks and the adjacent hills offer panoramic vistas of the valley, the river, and the surrounding landscapes. One of the most popular spots is near Dawki bridge, where the river’s beauty is at its peak.

The area is rich in biodiversity. While not officially designated as a national park, the surrounding forests and hills offer a habitat to diverse species of flora and fauna. Birdwatchers often find this area a rewarding location to spot various bird species.

Must-Visit Attractions

The primary attraction is, of course, the Umngot River itself. However, the area around Dawki offers other interesting places to explore:

• Dawki Bridge: This is a suspension bridge over the Umngot River. It offers stunning views and is a hub of activity, serving as the gateway to the river experience.

• Shnongpdeng: A small village near the Umngot, Shnongpdeng is an adventure hub. It offers opportunities for water sports, camping, and experiencing the local culture.

• Bangladesh Border: Being located on the border, you can visit the India-Bangladesh border crossing, experiencing a unique perspective on international boundaries and the surrounding local life. Note that border crossing is usually not permitted, but a view of the border is often possible.

• Riwai Living Root Bridge: Located near the area, this is a natural bridge made from the roots of living trees. It is a marvel of human ingenuity and natural adaptation.

Adventure Activities

The Umngot River and its surroundings offer a wide array of adventure activities:

• Boating: This is the most popular activity, and the best way to appreciate the river’s crystal-clear water. You can hire a boat to explore the river and its surroundings.
• Kayaking and Canoeing: These water sports are a fun way to experience the Umngot River more intimately.
• Snorkeling and Scuba Diving: The clear water makes for excellent visibility, providing opportunities to observe the riverbed and its aquatic life.
• Cliff Jumping: Several spots along the river provide opportunities for safe cliff jumping.
• Camping: Several campsites along the river offer a chance to spend the night under the stars, surrounded by the natural beauty of the area.
• Trekking: The surrounding hills and forests offer opportunities for trekking and hiking, allowing visitors to explore the region’s natural beauty.
• Zip-lining: Many adventure tour operators offer zip-lining experiences across the river.

Local Markets and Handicrafts

Local markets in the area offer an opportunity to experience local culture and purchase souvenirs. The primary market area is in Dawki.

• Dawki Market: Here you can find fresh produce, local handicrafts, and other essential items. The market provides a glimpse into the daily life of the local communities.
• Khasi and Jaintia Handicrafts: The area specializes in traditional handicrafts. You can find beautiful hand-woven textiles, bamboo and cane products, and other locally made goods. You can also find local jewelry, often crafted from silver, beads, and other materials.
• Souvenirs: Look out for souvenirs that reflect the local culture and traditions. These might include traditional Khasi and Jaintia dresses, or locally made art.

Food and Cuisine

The cuisine in Meghalaya, including the area surrounding the Umngot River, is unique and flavorful. Many dishes feature a blend of meat, rice, and local vegetables.

• Jadoh: A popular dish made with rice and pork blood.
• Dohkhlieh: A salad made with minced pork and onions.
• Pukhlein: A sweet rice cake, a traditional dessert.
• Local Seafood: With the proximity to the river and surrounding water bodies, fresh seafood is also a common culinary element.
• Street Food: Try local street food and snacks, which offer a taste of the region’s distinct culinary heritage.
• Restaurants and Stalls: Several restaurants and food stalls along the river offer a variety of dishes. They often serve traditional local dishes and regional Indian cuisines.

Flora and Fauna

The region around the Umngot River supports a diverse ecosystem. While not specifically designated as a national park, the area’s forests and hills provide habitat for a variety of plants and animals.

• Forests: The surrounding forests are lush and green, with a variety of trees, shrubs, and other vegetation.
• Birds: The area is a good place for bird-watching, with a variety of species.
• Aquatic Life: The Umngot River itself is home to various species of fish. The crystal-clear water allows for excellent visibility, making it easy to observe the aquatic life.
• Mammals: While not as prominent as the avian life, the area is also home to mammals like monkeys and various forest animals.

Best Time to Visit

The best time to visit the Umngot River and surrounding areas is during the dry season, from October to May.

• October to November: The weather is pleasant with clear skies, ideal for outdoor activities and enjoying the river’s beauty.
• December to January: The temperature is cold, but the weather is usually clear, making it suitable for a winter trip.
• March to May: The weather is warm but not overly hot, making it a good time to visit before the monsoon season begins.
• Monsoon (June to September): The monsoon season brings heavy rainfall, which can make the river murky and can disrupt travel. While the surrounding scenery is lush, it can be difficult to enjoy the outdoors.
• Festivals: The Behdienkhlam festival, often held in July, is a great cultural experience, but it’s important to consider that this coincides with the monsoon season.

How to Reach

• Nearest Airport: The nearest airport is Lokpriya Gopinath Bordoloi International Airport in Guwahati, Assam (GAU), approximately 190 km (118 miles) away from Dawki.
• Nearest Railway Station: The nearest railway station is also in Guwahati.
• Road: The best way to reach Dawki is by road. From Guwahati, you can hire a taxi or take a bus to Shillong. From Shillong, Dawki is another 82 kilometers (51 miles). The drive itself offers scenic views.

Accommodation Options

Accommodation options around the Umngot River cater to a range of budgets:

• Budget Hotels and Guesthouses: Numerous budget-friendly hotels and guesthouses are available in Dawki and nearby towns.
• Homestays: Many families in the area offer homestays, allowing visitors to experience local culture and hospitality.
• Campsites: Several campsites offer overnight stays in close proximity to the river, providing an immersive nature experience.
• Resorts and Hotels: Though not directly at the river’s edge, various resorts and hotels are available in the Shillong area, providing comfortable stays and easy access to the Umngot River.

Offbeat Experiences

For those looking for unique experiences:

• Village Visits: Visit the local Khasi and Jaintia villages to experience the way of life.
• Interact with Locals: Engage with the local community to understand their customs, traditions, and daily lives.
• Explore Nearby Trails: Venture off the beaten path and explore trails in the forests and hills around Dawki.
• Photography: The natural beauty offers endless opportunities for photography. Capture the river’s clarity, the surrounding landscapes, and the unique culture.
• Support Local Businesses: Shop for local handicrafts and dine at local restaurants and stalls to contribute to the local economy.

Conclusion

The Umngot River in Meghalaya is a destination that seamlessly blends natural beauty, cultural richness, and adventure. Its pristine waters, picturesque surroundings, and the unique character of the local Khasi and Jaintia cultures make it a truly memorable destination. Whether you are seeking a thrilling adventure, a peaceful escape, or a cultural immersion, the Umngot River and its surrounding areas offer an unparalleled travel experience. Explore the wonders of the transparent river, hike through the lush hills, and experience the local culture. The Umngot River is a testament to the beauty and diversity of Northeast India and is well worth the visit for travelers seeking unforgettable experiences.