Founded by Guru Nanak (15th-16th century CE) and developed by nine succeeding Gurus, Sikh philosophy teaches belief in one formless God (Ik Onkar), equality of all humans, and the importance of service (seva). It rejects caste distinctions and advocates a middle path between worldly responsibilities and spiritual pursuits.
The consort of Rama, embodiment of wifely and feminine virtues in Hindu tradition.
Also known as Kartikeya, the god of war, son of Shiva and Parvati.
The deity of the Moon, plants, and inspiration.
Another name for Kartikeya or Murugan, especially in South India.
A Madhyamaka Buddhist philosophy expounded by Nagarjuna (2nd century CE), teaching that all phenomena are empty (śūnya) of inherent existence. It uses dialectical analysis to refute all metaphysical positions and reveal the middle way between eternalism and nihilism.